Wildlife Research and Conservation Society

The Human-Elephant Conflict (HEC) Mitigation Project in Madhya Pradesh is a response to the recent recolonization of the Bandhavgarh-Sanjay Dubri landscape by wild elephants, which has triggered a rise in conflict between humans and wildlife. With over 50 elephants now present in the area, local communities are grappling with increased crop depredation, damage to property, and concerns for human safety. The project’s primary goal is to reduce these conflicts by employing a mix of tested methods and new strategies, aiming to foster coexistence between elephants and local populations. This crucial initiative seeks to balance the needs of conservation with the well-being of local communities.

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The project involves collaboration between the Madhya Pradesh Forest Department and local communities to implement a range of HEC mitigation measures that have proven effective in other regions. Among these are lemon plantations, as elephants tend to avoid citrus smells, and chili-based deterrents to protect crops. Early warning systems like trip alarms will be set up to alert villagers of elephant presence, enabling timely action to prevent damage. Additionally, non-lethal repellents, such as chili dung cakes, will be used to deter elephants without harming them. The project also explores innovative solutions, such as flickering lights and bee-hive fences, which have shown promise in other elephant-affected areas. These methods aim to reduce conflict without causing harm to the elephants.

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A landscape-level analysis will be conducted to better understand elephant habitats and movement patterns across the region. This analysis will help identify suitable areas for elephants to thrive while minimizing their movement into human-inhabited zones, reducing the likelihood of conflict. By identifying critical movement corridors, the project aims to manage and guide elephant movement more effectively. In addition to technical measures, the project will also focus on educating and engaging local communities about elephant behavior, conflict mitigation strategies, and the importance of elephant conservation. Community involvement will be integral, as they are the ones directly affected and thus key to the success of any mitigation efforts.

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In the long term, the project aims to achieve several key outcomes such as reduction in crop and property damage, improved safety and well-being for local residents, and strengthened coexistence between humans and elephants. 

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